What is Animal Disease Act?
This Act introduces measures that may or shall be taken by public bodies and holders of animals for the control of diseases affecting animals i.e. all stock, ruminating animals, dogs and captive wild animals and any other animal declared by the Minister to be an animal to which this Act shall apply.
What are the types of animal diseases?
Examples of animal diseases that are quite similar to commonly occurring human diseases include chronic emphysema in the horse; leukemia in cats and cattle; muscular dystrophies in chickens and mice; atherosclerosis in pigs and pigeons; blood-coagulation disorders and nephritis in dogs; gastric ulcers in swine; …
What is the objectives of the of the animal Disease Act?
To provide for measures to promote animal health and to control animal diseases; to assign executive authority with regard to certain provisions of this Act to provinces; to regulate the importation and exportation of animals and things; to establish animal health schemes; and to provide for matters connected therewith …
What are 5 communicable diseases?
- 2019-nCoV.
- CRE.
- Ebola.
- Enterovirus D68.
- Flu.
- Hantavirus.
- Hepatitis A.
- Hepatitis B.
What are the 2 main types of diseases?
- communicable , which are caused by pathogens and can be transferred from one person to another, or from one organism to another – in humans these include measles, food poisoning and malaria.
- non-communicable , which are not transferred between people or other organisms.
What are the 10 common diseases?
- Allergies.
- Colds and Flu.
- Conjunctivitis (“pink eye“)
- Diarrhea.
- Headaches.
- Mononucleosis.
- Stomach Aches.
What are the four main types of diseases?
Death due to disease is called death by natural causes. There are four main types of disease: infectious diseases, deficiency diseases, hereditary diseases (including both genetic diseases and non-genetic hereditary diseases), and physiological diseases.
What are the 4 ways infectious diseases spread?
- the air as droplets or aerosol particles.
- faecal-oral spread.
- blood or other body fluids.
- skin or mucous membrane contact.
- sexual contact.
What is communicable disease?
Communicable diseases, also known as infectious diseases or transmissible diseases, are illnesses that result from the infection, presence and growth of pathogenic (capable of causing disease) biologic agents in an individual human or other animal host.
What are the 5 causes of disease?
- Bacteria. These one-cell organisms are responsible for illnesses such as strep throat, urinary tract infections and tuberculosis.
- Viruses. Even smaller than bacteria, viruses cause a multitude of diseases ranging from the common cold to AIDS.
- Fungi. …
- Parasites.
What are the bacterial disease in animals?
| Site | Disease | Organism |
|---|---|---|
| Lung | Tuberculosis | Mycobacterium tuberculosis |
| Liver | Infectious necrosis hepatitis | Clostridium novyi |
| Necrotic abscesses | Sphaerophorus necrophorus | |
| Redwater | Clostridium hemolyticum |
What are the common diseases of goats?
- Brucellosis. Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that can affect goats and other livestock such as sheep and cows and wild ruminants such as deer, elk and bison. …
- Campylobacteriosis. …
- Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. …
- Listeriosis. …
- Orf (sore mouth infection, contagious ecthyma) …
- Q Fever. …
- Salmonellosis – Goats and Livestock.
What are the most common animal diseases?
- Anthrax.
- Black quarter (black-leg)
- Foot and mouth disease.
- Rabies (Mad dog disease)
- Blue tongue.
- Pox.
- Brucellosis of sheep.
- Tetanus.
What causes diseases in animals?
Direct causes of disease are: (1) bacteria, (2) viruses, (3) parasites, (4) fungi, (5) nutritional deficiencies, (6) chemical poisons, and (7) unknown causes. Infectious diseases are the greatest threat to livestock health. They are caused by bacteria, viruses, rickettsia and fungi.
What are the types of poultry diseases?
- ESCHERICHIA COLI INFECTIONS.
- SALMONELLOSES.
- PARATYPHOID INFECTIONS.
- FOWL CHOLERA.
- RIEMERELLA ANATIPESTIFER INFECTIONS.
- MYCOPLASMA.
- NECROTIC ENTERITIS.
- CHOLANGIOHEPATITIS IN BROILER CHICKENS.
What are the diseases of cattle?
- Bluetongue.
- Botulism.
- Bovine Tuberculosis.
- Bovine Viral Diarrhoea (BVD)
- Brucellosis.
- EU Exceptional Adjustment Aid.
- Foot and Mouth disease.
- Johne’s disease.
What are the most common cow diseases?
The diseases associated with cattle include: ringworm, Q fever, chlamydiosis, leptospirosis, campylobacterosis, salmonellosis, listeriosis, yersiniosis, cryptosporidiosis and infections with pathogenic strains of Escherichia coli, Mycobacterium paratuberculosis, campylobacteriosis, MRSA, rabies, and Anthrax.
What is the first virus in the world?
Two scientists contributed to the discovery of the first virus, Tobacco mosaic virus. Ivanoski reported in 1892 that extracts from infected leaves were still infectious after filtration through a Chamberland filter-candle. Bacteria are retained by such filters, a new world was discovered: filterable pathogens.
How many diseases come from animals?
Scientists estimate that more than 6 out of every 10 known infectious diseases in people can be spread from animals, and 3 out of every 4 new or emerging infectious diseases in people come from animals.
Where do pandemics come from?
Animals as the root cause of pandemics is nothing new–the infamous Black Death, which struck Europe in the 14th century and then again in the 17th century, caused huge death tolls worldwide thanks to fleas that hitched rides on shipboard rats–but now that water supplies have been sanitized and basic hygiene measures …
What was the first disease?
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) may well be the oldest pathogen to haveinfected humankind. Modern humans (or homo sapiens) emerged out of the “hominid” group almost two million years ago, and began wandering out of Africa about 70,000 years ago to populate the world.
What is an emergency animal disease?
An emergency animal disease (EAD) is defined nationally as a disease that meets one or more of the following criteria: • It is a known disease that does not normally occur in Australia, and it is considered to be in the national interest for the country to be free from that disease.
What is exotic disease?
Exotic diseases are infectious diseases that normally do not occur in the region of your pig farm either because they have never been present there or because they were eradicated and then kept out by government control measures.
What is pandemic epidemic and endemic disease?
AN EPIDEMIC is a disease that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region. A PANDEMIC is an epidemic that’s spread over multiple countries or continents. ENDEMIC is something that belongs to a particular people or country.
What do you do when there is an animal outbreak?
- Do not move animals (including birds) onto or off the property.
- Isolate (quarantine) suspect animals in well-fenced paddocks, yards, buildings, pens or cages.
- Some diseases are air-borne so keep your stock away from the boundary of the property.
What is disease notification?
Disease notification is the collection of reports of cases of illness required by law, which include information on symptoms, on demographic characteristics, and key risk factors.
What diseases can you get from exotic animals?
Zoonoses are estimated to make up 75% of today’s emerging infectious diseases. 1 Many of these zoonoses are carried by exotic pets or wildlife species,2 and recent outbreaks in humans associated with nondomestic species include Sudden Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS),3 Ebola virus,4 salmonellosis,5 and monkeypox.
Is Lassa fever real?
Lassa fever is an animal-borne, or zoonotic, acute viral illness. It is endemic in parts of West Africa including Sierra Leone, Liberia, Guinea and Nigeria. Neighboring countries are also at risk, as the animal vector for Lassa virus, the “multimammate rat” (Mastomys natalensis) is distributed throughout the region.
What is the 1981 law that names notifiable diseases in animals?
Section 15(1) of the Animal Health Act 1981 says that: “any person having in their possession or under their charge an animal affected or suspected of having one of these diseases must, with all practicable speed, notify that fact to a police constable.
How do we kept our animals free from diseases?
All animals, like people, deserve to benefit from the protective power of vaccination as they go through life. When there is a risk that they may contract a serious or fatal disease, vaccines, where they exist, are essential. Vaccines are an important part of the veterinarian’s toolbox.
What is the Animal Health Act 1981?
The Animal Health Act 1981 is a piece of UK legislation that provides powers for the control of outbreaks of avian influenza and Newcastle disease. It was amended in 2002 to provide more powers to deal with foot and mouth disease, a problem that in 2001 bedevilled herds during the Blair ministry. …
What does Balai stand for?
THE ORIGINAL “BALAI” DIRECTIVE
The term balai is French, meaning “broom.” It is used in this context because, with a view of completing the European Union’s internal market, all veterinary issues that were not yet regulated were swept together and packed in the two directives.
What precaution must you take in handling sick animals?
These include not eating, drinking, or applying cosmetics or contact lenses around animals or animal care areas, wearing gloves when handling animals or their tissues, taking care not to rub the face with contaminated hands or gloves, and hand washing after each animal contact.
What is the Control of Dogs Order?
The Control of Dogs (Non-application to Designated Land) (England) Order 2006 designates: … 9 A ‘road’ is defined in section 142 of the Road Traffic Regulation Act 1984 as (in England and Wales) ‘any length of highway or of any other road to which the public has access, and includes bridges over which a road passes.
How can you prevent animal diseases from spreading?
- use mains water wherever possible.
- have water bowls or drinkers above the level for faecal contamination.
- avoid contamination of watercourses.
- clean feed and water troughs regularly.
- discourage dogs and cats from walking in feed troughs.
Why the Animal Protection Act is required?
An Act to prevent the infliction of unnecessary pain or suffering on animals and for that purpose to amend the law relating to the prevention of cruelty to animals.
What is the Meat Safety Act 2000?
An Act to provide for measures to promote meat safety and the safety of animal products; to establish and maintain essential national standards in respect of abattoirs; to regulate the importation and exportation of meat; to establish meat safety schemes; and to provide for matters connected therewith.
What are 5 infectious diseases?
- Chickenpox.
- Common cold.
- Diphtheria.
- E. coli.
- Giardiasis.
- HIV/AIDS.
- Infectious mononucleosis.
- Influenza (flu)